Chapter Objectives

  • Display data graphically and interpret the following graphs: stem-and-leaf plots, line graphs, bar graphs, frequency polygons, time series graphs, histograms, box plots, and dot plots
  • Recognize, describe, and calculate the measures of location of data with quartiles and percentiles
  • Recognize, describe, and calculate the measures of the center of data with mean, median, and mode
  • Recognize, describe, and calculate the measures of the spread of data with variance, standard deviation, and range

Assignment


The Stem-and-Leaf Graph

  • Good for small data sets
  • Shape provides info on the distribution
  • Can reveal outliers
  • Leaf is the final significant digit
  • Stem are the leading digits
  • Stem on left of a vertical line
  • Leaves on the right

Stem and leaf plot

Figure 2.1.1 A stem and leaf plot.

Line Graphs and Bar Graphs

  • Good for representing frequency tables
  • Points are plotted at frequency, then connected by lines
  • Bars are the height of the frequency with space between

A line graph

Figure 2.1.2 A line graph.

A bar graph

Figure 2.1.3 A bar graph.